In the map of countries by Human Development Index (HDI) in 2023, countries located in North America, Oceania, and Europe have higher HDI in general.
The top ten countries with highest HDI in 2023 are Iceland, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, Germany, Sweden, Australia, Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland. By tracing their HDI trajectory from 1990, it shows that Ireland made the most significant progress by growing from 0.776 in 1990 to 0.949 in 2023. In general, the HDI presented an upward trend, though the slope of growth became more flat, showing the HDI got more stable.
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According to the documentation of GDP per Capita, data between 1990 and 2022 are identical to the GDP per capita data from the World Bank, published in April 2024 in their World Development Indicators. Data prior to 1990 are from other sources. It is observed that data from 2022 onwards are also available. Therefore, it is assumed that data prior to 2022 are the actual historical data while data beyond 2022 are the future projection.
The bar chart on the left hand side is the global average GDP per Capita over time, showing exponential growth. The slope becomes steeper after 1950s. In the recent ten years, the average GDP per Capital has been growing, except a mild recession in 2020.The future project shows a positive upward trend in continuous growth.
By reviewing data from 1990 to 2022 and calculating the top five countries that show strongest fluctuation in terms of standard deviation are Monaco, Qatar, Singapore, Ireland, and Luxembourg. Among them, Monaco experienced the biggest change, GDP per Capita growing from 166,038 in 1990 to 440,710 in 2022.
Number of countries
191
Average HDI in 2023
0.74
Average GDP per Capita in 2023
24592
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The scatter plot above shows a positive correlation between Human Development Index and GDP per Capita among 191 countries.
This patterns are observed over time. In general, countries with higher GDP per capita tend to have higher Human Development Index.